2024年迄今为止，8张最令人惊叹的JWST图像

一窥旋涡星系和尘埃星云的超凡之美。

作者：流行科学团队

发布于

A spherical collection of stars which fills the whole view. The cluster is dominated by a concentrated group of bright white stars at the center, with several large yellow stars scattered throughout the image. Many of the stars have visible diffraction spikes. The background is black
球状星团NGC 6440在银河系核球内运行。观测这些密集聚集的星团曾是一项挑战，直到JWST出现。ESA/Webb, NASA & CSA, P. Freire; 致谢: M. Cadelano and C. Pallanca

詹姆斯·韦伯太空望远镜距离地球近一百万英里，研究着宇宙。

自2021年12月25日发射以来，JWST为我们宇宙的历史提供了突破性的见解。2024年也不例外。今年，JWST已经测量了“热木星”，捕捉了恒星的诞生，发现了炽热超新星遗迹中中子星的证据，并为研究带有波浪状旋臂的旋涡星系带来了新见解。

我们收集了2024年最喜欢的八张JWST图像，它们捕捉了太空令人惊叹的壮丽景象。

A bright young star, located in the upper left quadrant, shines through layers of wispy white and blue clouds on a dark background. The star is surrounded by thick orange spikes in an eight-pointed pattern, overlaid across the majority of the frame. A patch of greenish-yellow clouds appears in the top right area of the image. There are a couple other bright spots seen as glowing yellow dots among the clouds, as well as another bright star with smaller blue diffraction spikes in the bottom right corner.
在小麦哲伦星系（银河系的一个卫星星系）内部是N79，一个巨大的恒星形成复合体。N79的恒星形成速度令人印象深刻，远超我们星系中相似区域的速度。
图像: ESA/Webb, NASA & CSA, O. Nayak, M. Meixner ESA/Webb, NASA & CSA, O. Nayak,
Many small galaxies are scattered on a black background: mainly, white, oval-shaped and red, spiral galaxies. The image is dominated by a dwarf irregular galaxy, which hosts a bright region of white and blue stars at its core that appear as two distinct lobes. This region is surrounded by brown dusty filaments. At the bottom center of the image, a companion galaxy is visible that appears as a collection of blue stars. In the top right corner, there is a very prominent, bright star that has eight long diffraction spikes.
I Zwicky 18星系的中心有两个恒星形成爆发。这个不规则的矮星系最早于20世纪30年代被发现，但科学家们正在利用韦伯望远镜强大的分辨率和红外灵敏度，近距离观测I Zwicky 18并研究恒星的生命周期。
图像: ESA/Webb, NASA, CSA, A. Hirschauer, M. Meixner et al.
In Webb’s image, the spiral arms are composed of many filaments in shades of orange. Thin dust lanes connect from the core, through the bar to the spiral arms.
距离地球约3200万光年的是NGC 1433，一个具有明亮中心的旋涡星系。
图像: NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI, Janice Lee (STScI), Thomas Williams (Oxford), PHANGS Team
A clumpy dome of blueish-gray clouds rises about a third of the way from the bottom. Above it, streaky, translucent red wisps brush upward to about halfway up the image. The top half of the image is the black background of space with one prominent, bright white star with Webb’s 8-point diffraction spikes. Additional stars and galaxies are scattered throughout the image, although very few are seen through the thick clouds at bottom and all are significantly smaller than the largest star.
JWST拍摄了迄今为止最清晰的马头星云“鬃毛”的红外图像。在其天蓝灰色的云层中，可以看到闪耀的年轻恒星。
图像: NASA, ESA, CSA, Karl Misselt (University of Arizona), Alain Abergel (AIM Paris-Saclay)
At the center of the image is a nebula on the black background of space. The nebula is comprised of wispy filaments of light blue clouds. At the center-right of the blue clouds is a large cavernous bubble. The bottom left edge of this cavernous bubble is filled with hues of pink and white gas. There are hundreds of dim stars that fill the surrounding area of the nebula.
NGC 604的尘埃中潜藏着处于生命早期、炽热的大质量恒星。这个恒星形成区域位于三角座星系，距离地球273万光年。
图像: NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI
A barred spiral galaxy on a dark, nearly empty background. The whole galaxy glows with a pale blue light, particularly along the galaxy’s bar which runs from top to bottom through the galactic core. It’s speckled with tiny stars. The center is surrounded by rich clouds of hot gas and dust along the arms. The coral-colored arms are loosely wound and a bit ragged, and contain a few star-forming regions that shine brightly
JWST拍摄到了NGC 1559这个棒旋星系巨大旋臂中隐藏的年轻恒星。该星系距离地球3500万光年。
图像: ESA/Webb, NASA & CSA, A. Leroy, J. Lee and the PHANGS Team ESA/Webb, NASA & CSA, A. Leroy,
A face-on spiral galaxy with four spiral arms that curve outward in a counterclockwise direction. The spiral arms are filled with young, blue stars and peppered with purplish star-forming regions that appear as small blobs. The middle of the galaxy is much brighter and more yellowish, and has a distinct narrow linear bar angled from 11 o’clock to 5 o’clock. Dozens of red background galaxies are scattered across the image. The background of space is black.
哈勃和詹姆斯·韦伯太空望远镜的数据被结合起来，拍摄了这张NGC 5468星系的图像，该星系距离地球约1.3亿光年。
图像: Webb NIRCam + Hubble WFC3
 

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